Parliament research shows Iran’s mining sector fosters rent-seeking and monopolies, sidelines local communities, and—rather than driving sustainable development—remains primarily extractive, ...
Andirgan is not an isolated episode; it exposes the Islamic Republic’s structural securitization of social, economic, and environmental demands—especially intensified ...
A peaceful environmental protest in the Kurdish city of Saqqez ended in gunfire when guards at the Qolqoleh gold mine ...
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